New technologies for hydrogen from methane synthesizing to prevent release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

Аuthors

Kutysh I. I.

Limited Liability Company «ECOGIBENT», 125080, Moscow, Volokolamskoe shosse, 4

e-mail: ecogibent@mail.ru

Abstract

The article analyzes the problem of the planet atmosphere protecting from carbon dioxide releases and one of the ways of its solving, namely by burning hydrogen instead of methane, as an analogue of the natural gas.

The author considers both conventional and new technologies for hydrogen synthesizing from methane, their pros and contras, as well as possible ways of hydrogen storage and transportation in its gaseous and chemically combined states.

In addition, the problem of removing carbon dioxide from a gas mixture, closely associated with the synthesis of hydrogen, is considered, and effective ways of its solving are proposed.

The article suggests making a choice of this or that technology with account for the temperature and pressure effect on the degree of methane conversion, cost of the applied catalysts, and the amount of power consumption associated with the respective reactions performing. This selection should be made after economic multifactor optimization of each of the considered technologies.

In addition, it should kept in mind that stoichiometric combustion of hydrogen in the air releases more heat and more nitrogen oxides (NO_x), which are much more dangerous than carbon monoxide (CO) and CO₂, compared with stoichiometric combustion in the air of any other hydrocarbon fuels. To prevent intensive NO_x formation, the combustion temperature limiting by burning poor mixtures of H₂ and air is recommended.

The expediency of the considered hydrogen synthesis technologies implementation lies in the fact that the investment costs of their realization will be partially or fully compensated by:

• synthesis of H₂, which is the fuel with maximum calorific value;
• obtaining commercial products (soot, carbon dioxide, carbamide, methanol, acetylene, etc.);
• reduction of payments for CO₂ releasess.

Keywords:

natural gas combustion products, natural gas transportation, releases of carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide removal from a mixture of gases, hydrogen synthesis, steam conversion of methane, synthesis gas, methane reforming reaction, methanol synthesis and conversion, catalyst, gas solubility in liquid

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