Thermal control systems for thermally loaded equipment of electrical transport


Аuthors

Vasiliev L. L.1*, Zhuravlyov A. S.1**, Poddubko S. N.2***, Belevich A. V.2***

1. A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute of NAS of Belarus, 15 P. Brovka Str., Minsk, 220072, Belarus
2. United Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Minsk, 220072, Republic of Belarus

*e-mail: lvasil@hmti.ac.by
**e-mail: zhuravl@hmti.ac.by
***e-mail: bats@ncpmm.bas-net.by

Abstract

There are many electric transport means having a great number of components requiring intensive cooling. The article presents an overview of cooling methods, such as air-type, liquid-type, and employing phase-variable materials, and marks pros and cons of each of them. The problem of the excessive heat removal from heat generating electronic equipment may be solved successfully with two-phase heat transferring devices such as heat pipes and thermo-siphons. These devices are autonomous, noiseless, and their operation does not require energy consuming, which is utterly important for the wireless electric transport. Both heat pipes and thermo-siphons are able to absorb heat from the object being cooled, remove it outward the volume and then transfer it to the coolant or air. The article analyzes the options of heat pipes and thermo-siphons application for cooling and thermal control of the electric and hybrid transport components. It notes the two-phase passive heat transfer attractiveness for application in electric cars. Structures and specifics of the developed two-phase heat removing devices (vapor-dynamic thermo-siphon, ring thermo-siphons with cylindrical and flat evaporators, centrifugal heat pipe, etc.) are presented, and options of their application in thermal control systems for transportation means with electrical motor drive are proposed. The article regards the possibility of substantial intensification of transportation power electronics cooling by ring thermo-siphons of a new structure. It is possible to align the battery temperature, transferring the heat from its modules to the coolant system employing the heat pipes and thermo-siphons, and heat removal from rotor and stator of the electric motor is possible as well. An electric motor rotor can be cooled by the rotating centrifugal heat pipes, whereas the hear can be removed from the stator by the flat heat pipes, inserted between the electric winding layers. The cooling system with heat pipes is attractive due to its simplicity and reliable design, absence of moving parts, and the relatively low weight of the device.

Keywords:

electric transport, thermal control, cooling system, heat pipe, thermo-siphon

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