Experimental determination of the effect of the addition of graphene nanofluid to the coolant on heat exchange processes

Аuthors

Trofimov M. A.^*, Sataev A. A.

Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24, Minin Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia

*e-mail: Travl24@yandex.ru

Abstract

The article presents models, conditions, and methods of conducting experiments with graphene-aqueous coolant aimed at determining the possible intensification of heat exchange processes.  At the moment, the introduction of additives into the coolant is a promising direction. Experiments with var-ious substances. Oxides of copper (II), aluminum, graphite tubes and graphene are used as additives, which are studied by the authors in this work. The graphene component is a nanofluid (an aqueous solution containing graphene particles with a characteristic size of 0,1–100 nm) dispersed in distilled water. The use of this type of coolant is possible in a wide range of industries and heat exchangers, due to the particle size, as well as the thermal and physical properties of the material. However, gra-phene's efficiency is not absolute. This additive behaves most effectively provided that the nanoparti-cles cover the surface in a single atomic layer, therefore, it is necessary to control this fact. In the study, the condition was controlled by ensuring the required concentration of nanofluid in the cool-ant.
This study presents the results of experiments conducted with the type of coolant mentioned above. The results of the tests on “pure” water and graphene-water mixture are compared. According to the experimental results, a maximum increase in heat exchange intensity of about 20 % was obtained.

Keywords:

intensification of heat transfer, graphene, change of heat transfer coefficient, heat exchangers, coun-tercurrent heat exchangers, direct-flow heat exchangers, nanofluid, graphene-aqueous coolant mona-tomic graphene layer, effective graphene concentration

References

1. Mikheev MA, Mikheeva IM. Basics of Heat Transfer. Mos-cow: Ehnergiya; 1977. 344 p.
2. Kirillov PL, Yur'ev YuS, Bobkov VP. Handbook of Thermal Hydraulic Calculations. Мoscow: Ehnergo-atomizdat; 1990. 360 p.
3. Makeev AN, Kiryukhin YaA. Problems and prospects of using nanofluids in thermal power engineering. Vestnik Dagestanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo uni-versiteta. Tekhnicheskie nauki. 2022;49(3).
4. Porgar S, Rahmanian N. Investigation of Effect of Alumini-um Oxide Nanoparticles on the Thermal Properties of Water-Based Fluids in a Double Tube Heat Exchanger. Bi-ointerface Research in Applied Chemistry. 2022;12(2): 2618–2628. DOI: 10.33263/BRIAC122.26182628
5. Nasir F, Mohamad AY. Heat transfer of CuO-water based nanofluids in a compact heat exchanger. 2016;11(4): 2517–2523.
6. Lakshmanan Periyannan, Periyasamy Saravanan, kanaga-rajan Saranya, Dhairiyasamy Ratchagaraja. Analysis of Heat Transfer Performance and Thermo-hydraulic Char-acteristics of Graphene Nanofluids: Impact of Sedi-mentation Effects. Materials Research Express. 2023;10. DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/acf7b2
7. Zharov AV, Gorshkov RV, Savinskii NG. Heat transfer in cooling systems of marine engines with circulation of a coolant containing highly thermally conductive multi-graphene nanoparticles. Vestnik Gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rechnogo flota imeni admirala S.O. Ma-karova. 2019;11(4):745–754. DOI: 10.21821/2309-5180-2019-114-745-754
8. Rakhmonov TT, Kamilov ShKh, Teshaboeva DRK. Gra-phene and its applications. Eurasian Journal of Academic Research. 2024.
9. Kapilan Natesan, Sadashiva Prabhu S, Samuel Varghese Kodathu et al. Effect of graphene on the performance of heat exchangers and related simulation studies. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021.
10. Periyannan Lakshmanan, Saravanan Periyasamy, Saranya kanagarajan, Ratchagaraja Dhairiyasamy. Analysis of heat transfer performance and thermo-hydraulic characteris-tics of graphene nanofluids: impact of sedimentation ef-fects. Materials Research Express. 2023;10. 
11. Panchenko AN. Two-dimensional materials, their proper-ties and applications. Mezhdunarodnyi zhurnal gumani-tarnykh i estestvennykh nauk. 2023.